| Exploring the Antibacterial Effects of Urtica dioica Leaf Oil Extract Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus |
| Paper ID : 1212-IGA |
| Authors |
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Mehrnoush Ebadi * Department of engineering, bioengineering campus, University of Genova, Italy |
| Abstract |
| Aim and Background: This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Urtica dioica leaf oil extract against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and evaluates the impact of elevation on its bioactive properties. Method: Nettle leaves were collected from different elevations in Rudsar, Iran. Essential oil was extracted via hydrodistillation, and total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH assay (IC50), and antibacterial activity was evaluated through the broth microdilution method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Results: Samples from higher elevations exhibited greater phenolic and flavonoid content, leading to stronger antioxidant activity (IC50: 1681.98 µg/mL at 3000 m) and enhanced antibacterial effects (MIC: 15 mg/mL for both bacteria). Statistical analysis revealed a significant inverse correlation between IC50 and MIC (p < 0.05), indicating that higher bioactive compound concentrations contribute to increased antibacterial efficacy. Conclusion: The findings highlight the influence of elevation on the bioactive profile of Urtica dioica leaf oil extracts, suggesting that higher-altitude samples possess superior antioxidant and antibacterial properties. This study supports the potential application of U. dioica extracts in natural antimicrobial and antioxidant therapies. |
| Keywords |
| Urtica dioica, Antibacterial activity, Essential oil, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Phenolic content, Antioxidant activity |
| Status: Accepted |
