| Sterile Inflammation: Unveiling the Nexus of Tissue Damage, Thrombosis, and Immune Response in Covid19 |
| Paper ID : 1127-IGA |
| Authors |
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Gausal Azam Khan *1, Arjun Ghosh2 1King Faisal University 2Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Kolkata, INDIA |
| Abstract |
| Sterile inflammation (SI) is an inflammatory response triggered by the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying cells, distinct from normal inflammation in its it originates from tissue injury and necrosis rather than microbial invasion. Circulating nucleic acids, HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1), vWF (von Willebrand Factor), and s100b protein are notable markers of sterile inflammation, indicative of tissue damage, and implicated in thrombotic disorders. Innate immunity, involving cells like macrophages and dendritic cells, recognises damage-associated molecular patterns, or DAMPs via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) like Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs), initiating inflammatory signalling cascades central to sterile inflammation and its cardiovascular consequences. Thrombosis, a common outcome of sterile inflammation, underscores the intricate interplay between inflammation and haemostasis, with hypoxia exacerbating thrombotic risk through platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction. The established link between inflammation and thrombosis highlights the clinical significance of sterile inflammation, where molecules like HMGB1, eRNA, and eDNA actively participate in thromboembolic disorders. Sterile inflammation's relevance is particularly evident in COVID-19-induced thrombotic disorders, where dysregulated immune responses and endothelial dysfunction contribute to systemic inflammation and heightened thrombotic risk. Understanding sterile inflammation's mechanisms in these contexts is vital for developing targeted therapies to mitigate vascular complications and enhance patient outcomes in cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19-associated thrombosis. |
| Keywords |
| Sterile inflammation, Innate immunity, DAMPs, PRRs, PAMPs, TLRs (ROS), HMGB1, vWF, Circulating nucleic acid, Covid-19, Thrombotic disorder |
| Status: Accepted |
